Size : 1g
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Synonyms: Disodium adenosine triphosphate, ATP disodium, ATP, Adetide, Adenosine-Triphosphate, Adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt
| Description | ATP disodium salt (Adenosine-Triphosphate) is a P2 purinoceptor agonist. |
| In vitro | ATP release and autocrine feedback through P2Y2 and A3 receptors provide signal amplification, controlling gradient sensing and migration of neutrophils. [1] ATP results in production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which stimulates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway and subsequent Akt and ERK1/2 activation. ATP-dependent ROS production and PI3K activation also stimulate transcription of genes required for an oxidative stress response. ATP-mediated ROS-dependent PI3K is required for activation of caspase-1 and secretion of IL-1beta and IL-18. [2] ATP potently stimulates TNF-alpha release, resulting from TNF-alpha mRNA expression in rat cultured brain microglia. ATP-induced TNF-alpha release is Ca(2+)-dependent, and a sustained Ca(2+) influx correlated with the TNF-alpha release in ATP-stimulated microglia. ATP-induced TNF-alpha release is inhibited by PD 098059, an inhibitor of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) kinase 1 (MEK1), which activates ERK, and also by SB 203580, an inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. ATP rapidly activates both ERK and p38 even in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+). [3] ATP-induced cytotoxicity is mediated by classical alterations of apoptosis, including membrane blebbing, nuclear condensation, and DNA fragmentation. ATP but not other nucleotides lead to the potent and selective activation of NF-κB in microglial cells through a P2Z receptor-mediated pathway. [4] |
| In vivo | ATP regulates microglial branch dynamics in the intact mice brain, and its release from the damaged tissue and surrounding astrocytes mediates a rapid microglial response towards injury. [5] |
| Synonyms | Disodium adenosine triphosphate, ATP disodium, ATP, Adetide, Adenosine-Triphosphate, Adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt |
| Molecular Weight | 551.14 |
| Formula | C10H14N5O13P3·2Na |
| Cas No. | 987-65-5 |
| Smiles | C1=NC2=C(C(=N1)N)N=CN2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O3)COP(=O)(O)OP(=O)([O-])OP(=O)(O)[O-])O)O.[Na+].[Na+] |
| Relative Density. | 2.63g/cm3 |
| Storage | Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year Shipping with blue ice/Shipping at ambient temperature. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Solubility Information | DMSO: Insoluble H2O: 252.5 mg/mL (458.14 mM), Sonication is recommended.  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Solution Preparation Table | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
H2O
Note : The dilution table applies only to solid products. For liquid products, please calculate the stock solution based on the stated concentration and/or density. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
For example, if the intended dosage is 10 mg/kg for animals weighing 20 g , with a dosing volume of 100 μL per animal, and a total of 10 animals are to be administered, using a formulation of 
10% DMSO+ 40% PEG300+ 5% Tween 80+ 45% Saline/PBS/ddH2O , the resulting working solution concentration would be 2 mg/mL.Dissolve 2 mg of the compound in 100 μL DMSO to obtain a stock solution at a concentration of 20 mg/mL . If the required concentration exceeds the compound's known solubility, please contact us for technical support before proceeding.
1) Add 100 μL of the DMSO stock solution to 400 µL PEG300 and mix thoroughly until the solution becomes clear.
2) Add 50 µL Tween 80 and mix well until fully clarified.
3) Add 450 µL Saline,PBS or ddH2O and mix thoroughly until a homogeneous solution is obtained.
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