Reagenti e strumenti per immunologia, biologia cellulare e biologia molecolare

Norepinephrine [51-41-2]

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Cat# NB-64-38486-50mg

Size : 50mg

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Norepinephrine

(Synonyms: Nor-Epirenan, L-Noradrenaline, Levophed, Levonoradrenaline, Levonor, Arterenol, Aktamin) Copy Product Info

Synonyms: Nor-Epirenan, L-Noradrenaline, Levophed, Levonoradrenaline, Levonor, Arterenol, Aktamin

Catalog No. T7044 Copy Product Info

Purity: 99.90%

Norepinephrine is an alkaloid neurotransmitter and an effective adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist that activates α1, α2, and β1 receptors. It is commonly used as a vasoactive agent for the treatment of shock and can also be used to induce cardiomyopathy models.

Cas No. 51-41-2

For research use only—not for human use. No sales to individuals. Use as intended only.

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Purity:99.90%

Appearance:Solid

Color:White to Brown

Product Introduction

Norepinephrine AI Summary

Norepinephrine exhibits diverse bioactivity profiles, particularly in relation to adrenergic receptors. It shows significant affinity for Alpha-1A adrenergic receptors with selectivity over Alpha-1B and Alpha-1D receptors, demonstrating agonist potency in rat vas deferens and canine prostate tissues. It also binds strongly to the alpha-2 adrenergic receptor (Ki = 37 nM) in rat cortex and alpha-1 adrenergic receptor (Ki = 390 nM) in rat liver. This compound shows vasoconstrictor effects in animal models, such as the rat aorta and canine saphenous vein, and elicits notable cardiovascular responses, including reduced blood pressure and increased cardiac contractility in anesthetized rats. Additionally, Norepinephrine has exhibited agonistic activity at the human alpha2A, alpha2B, and alpha2C adrenergic receptors, along with the beta-3 adrenergic receptor with high intrinsic activity and a low EC50 value, demonstrating potency in stimulating cAMP production. The compound also impacts the dopamine receptor (D2) and shows varying affinities across other adrenergic, dopamine, and beta receptors in different tissue types and species. In terms of enzyme interactions, Norepinephrine inhibits Lamin A splicing, RECQ1, Tau fibril formation, TDP1, and several other enzymes with significant potency. It also shows inhibitory activity against human HDAC6 and interactions with various transport proteins like OCT2 and OATP1B1. While exhibiting substantial affinity for adrenergic receptors, Norepinephrine does not demonstrate notable liver toxicity and shows minimal side effects in terms of drug-induced liver injury. Overall, Norepinephrine presents a broad spectrum of bioactivities across multiple biological pathways, showcasing its potential as a multifaceted pharmacological agent..

Note: Summary generated by AI. Data source: ChEMBL

Bioactivity

Description	Norepinephrine is an alkaloid neurotransmitter and an effective adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist that activates α1, α2, and β1 receptors. It is commonly used as a vasoactive agent for the treatment of shock and can also be used to induce cardiomyopathy models.
Targets & IC50	β1-adrenoceptor:740 nM (Ki), α2A-adrenoceptor:56 nM (Ki), α1-adrenoceptor:330 nM (Ki)
In vitro	METHODS: Adult hippocampal cells were treated with Norepinephrine (0.1-10 µM) for 10-13 days and the number of neurospheres was determined using classical neurosphere assay. RESULTS: A significant increase in the number of neurospheres was obtained at 100 nm and in the presence of 1 µM Norepinephrine, and a twofold increase in the number of neurospheres was observed in the presence of 10 µM Norepinephrine. [1] METHODS: Human pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3 and Panc-1 were treated with Norepinephrine (10 µM) for 12-48 h. Cell viability was assayed by MTT Assay. RESULTS: Norepinephrine treatment alone significantly enhanced the viability of PDAC cells. [2]
In vivo	METHODS: To test in vivo activity, Norepinephrine (0.2-2 mg/kga) was administered intraperitoneally to C57BL6/J mice fed a high-fat diet once daily for two weeks. RESULTS: A subset of Norepinephrine-treated mice developed unexpected adverse events, including bladder dilatation and decreased renal perfusion due to renal discoloration. [3]
Synonyms	Nor-Epirenan, L-Noradrenaline, Levophed, Levonoradrenaline, Levonor, Arterenol, Aktamin
Disease Modeling Protocol	Sepsis-associated cardiomyopathy model Modeling Mechanism： Norepinephrine (NE) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) work synergistically to induce cardiomyopathy through SIRT3/HO-1 axis-mediated ferroptosis: ① NE alone has no significant cardiotoxicity, but it can exacerbate LPS-induced oxidative stress, increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation levels (4-HNE and MDA are elevated); ② It inhibits SIRT3 activity, relieves its inhibition of p300, promotes HO-1 acetylation and enhances stability, accelerates heme degradation and releases ferrous ions, and induces iron overload; ③ Iron overload and lipid peroxidation together induce cardiomyocyte ferroptosis, accompanied by myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis, ultimately leading to heart failure. Related Products： Norepinephrine (T7044) Modeling Method： Experimental Subject： Mice, C57BL/6, 8–12 weeks old, Body weight 25–28 g Dosage and Administration Route： ① Core modelling (two-hit protocol): - First challenge: IntraperitoNorepinephrineal (i.p.) injection of LPS at 5 mg/kg, single dose; - Second challenge: SimultaNorepinephrineous LPS administration with subcutaNorepinephrineous implantation of osmotic pump; Norepinephrine at 2 µg/kg/min via continuous infusion for 9 days; ② Control treatment: - LPS-only group: intraperitoNorepinephrineal injection of 5 mg/kg LPS+osmotic pump infusion of physiological saliNorepinephrine; - Norepinephrine-only group: IntraperitoNorepinephrineal injection of physiological saliNorepinephrine+osmotic pump infusion of 2 µg/kg/min Norepinephrine; - Blank control: IntraperitoNorepinephrineal injection of saliNorepinephrine+osmotic pump infusion of saliNorepinephrine; ③ Intervention validation group (optional): - Ferroptosis inhibitor: Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), 2 mg/kg/day, intraperitoNorepinephrineal injection, administered concurrently with modelling; - SIRT3 activator: 2-APQC, 30 mg/kg, intraperitoNorepinephrineal injection, administered continuously throughout modelling period Dosing Frequency and Duration Model： First strike: single-dose administration; Secondary challenge: Continuous infusion for 9 days Validation： 1. Pathological Indicators: - Myocardial Injury: HE staining showed cardiomyocyte hypertrophy (cross-sectional area increased by more than 250), and Masson staining showed an increased proportion of interstitial fibrosis area (p<0.01); - Ferroplasmosis Characteristics: Transmission electron microscopy showed mitochondrial shrinkage, DHE staining showed increased ROS levels (fluorescence intensity more than 3 times that of the control group), and significantly increased ferrous ion content in tissues (OD value ≥0.4, p<0.001); 2. Molecular Indicators: - Ferroplasmosis Pathway: Western blot showed upregulated expression of HO-1 and 4-HNorepinephrine proteins and downregulated expression of SIRT3 (p<0.01); - Myocardial Markers: Serum troponin T (cTnT) and creatiNorepinephrine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) levels were significantly increased (p<0.001); 3. Functional Indicators: - Cardiac Function: Echocardiography showed that the left ventricular ejection fraction (EF%) decreased to below 60% (control group ≥80%, p<0.01); Survival status: The 9-day survival rate after modeling was more than 30% lower than that of the LPS group aloNorepinephrine (p<0.05). Precautions： References：Ma D,et,al. Norepinephrine exacerbates LPS-induced cardiomyopathy via SIRT3/HO-1 axis-mediated ferroptosis. Crit Care. 2025 Aug 13;29(1):354.

Chemical Properties

Molecular Weight	169.18
Formula	C₈H₁₁NO₃
Cas No.	51-41-2
Smiles	[C@@H](CN)(O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C=C1
Relative Density.	1.397 g/cm3

Storage & Solubility Information

Storage

Keep away from direct sunlight,Keep away from moisture,Store under nitrogen Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year Shipping with blue ice/Shipping at ambient temperature.

Solubility Information

0.1M HCl: 10 mg/mL (59.11 mM), Sonication is recommended.

H2O: < 1 mg/mL (insoluble or slightly soluble)

DMSO: 8.46 mg/mL (50.01 mM), Sonication and heating are recommended.

In Vivo Formulation

10% DMSO+90% Saline: 0.1 mg/mL (0.59 mM), Solution.

Please add the solvents sequentially, clarifying the solution as much as possible before adding the next one. Dissolve by heating and/or sonication if necessary. Working solution is recommended to be prepared and used immediately. The formulation provided above is for reference purposes only. In vivo formulations may vary and should be modified based on specific experimental conditions.

Solution Preparation Table

DMSO/0.1M HCl

	1mg	5mg	10mg	50mg
1 mM	5.9109 mL	29.5543 mL	59.1086 mL	295.5432 mL
5 mM	1.1822 mL	5.9109 mL	11.8217 mL	59.1086 mL
10 mM	0.5911 mL	2.9554 mL	5.9109 mL	29.5543 mL
20 mM	0.2955 mL	1.4777 mL	2.9554 mL	14.7772 mL
50 mM	0.1182 mL	0.5911 mL	1.1822 mL	5.9109 mL

Note : The dilution table applies only to solid products. For liquid products, please calculate the stock solution based on the stated concentration and/or density.

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In Vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Please enter your animal experiment information in the following box and click Calculate to obtain the stock solution preparation method and in vivo formula preparation method:

For example, if the intended dosage is 10 mg/kg for animals weighing 20 g , with a dosing volume of 100 μL per animal, and a total of 10 animals are to be administered, using a formulation of 10% DMSO+ 40% PEG300+ 5% Tween 80+ 45% Saline/PBS/ddH₂O , the resulting working solution concentration would be 2 mg/mL.

Stock Solution Preparation:

Dissolve 2 mg of the compound in 100 μL DMSO to obtain a stock solution at a concentration of 20 mg/mL . If the required concentration exceeds the compound's known solubility, please contact us for technical support before proceeding.

Preparation of the In Vivo Formulation:

1) Add 100 μL of the DMSO stock solution to 400 µL PEG300 and mix thoroughly until the solution becomes clear.

2) Add 50 µL Tween 80 and mix well until fully clarified.

3) Add 450 µL Saline,PBS or ddH₂O and mix thoroughly until a homogeneous solution is obtained.

This example is provided solely to demonstrate the use of the In Vivo Formulation Calculator and does not constitute a recommended formulation for any specific compound. Please select an appropriate dissolution and formulation strategy based on your experimental model and route of administration.

All co-solvents required for this protocol, includingDMSO, PEG300/PEG400, Tween 80, SBE-β-CD, and Corn oil, are available for purchase on the TargetMol website.

Dose Conversion

Keywords

β1-adrenoceptorα2A-adrenoceptorα1-adrenoceptorNorepinephrineMMP-9MMP-2LevarterenolInhibitorinhibitEndogenousMetaboliteEndogenous MetaboliteBeta ReceptorAutophagyAdrenergicReceptorAdrenergic Receptor

Related Tags: Norepinephrine chemical structure | Norepinephrine in vivo | Norepinephrine in vitro | Norepinephrine formula | Norepinephrine molecular weight