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D-Galactose [59-23-4]

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Referencia NB-64-00765-1mL

embalaje : 1mLx10mM(inDMSO)

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D-Galactose

(Synonyms: D-Galactopyranose, D-(+)-Galactose, Alpha-D-galactose) Copy Product Info

Synonyms: D-Galactopyranose, D-(+)-Galactose, Alpha-D-galactose

Catalog No. T0591 Copy Product Info

Purity: 99.96%

D-Galactose is a naturally occurring hexose and a C-4 epimer of glucose. It can combine with glucose to form lactose and is commonly used to establish animal models of aging.

Cas No. 59-23-4

For research use only—not for human use. No sales to individuals. Use as intended only.

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Purity:99.96%

Appearance:Solid

Color:White

Product Introduction

Bioactivity

Description	D-Galactose is a naturally occurring hexose and a C-4 epimer of glucose. It can combine with glucose to form lactose and is commonly used to establish animal models of aging.
In vitro	Galactose is important for the survival and virulence of bacteria. Galactose is utilized by the Leloir pathway in Escherichia coli. Two anomers of d-galactose are used for different purposes, α-d-galactose as a carbon source and β-d-galactose for induction of UDP-galactose synthesis for biosynthetic glycosylation[1].
In vivo	Chronic D-galactose exposure induces neurodegeneration by enhancing caspase-mediated apoptosis and inhibiting neurogenesis and neuron migration in mice, as well as increasing oxidative damage. Moreover, D-galactose-induced toxicity in mice is a useful model for studying the mechanisms of neurodegeneration and neuroprotective drugs and agents[2]. D-galactose given by oral route leads to cognitive impairments in rats which are accompanied by oxidative damage. Cognitive impairments is observed in the open-field test in the 4th and 6th weeks after d-gal administration, as well as an impairment in spatial memory in the radial maze test after the 6th week of d-gal administration[3].
Synonyms	D-Galactopyranose, D-(+)-Galactose, Alpha-D-galactose
Disease Modeling Protocol	Aging model Modeling Mechanism： D-Galactose catalyzes the production of galactitol via aldose reductase, causing osmotic pressure damage to cells. It also induces increased vascular permeability, abnormal collagen metabolism, and hypogonadotropic endocrine disorders, mimicking the decline in tissue function associated with aging. Related Products： D-Galactose (T0591) Modeling Method： Experimental Subject： Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Male, 180–280 g Dosage and Administration Route： 10%-50% weight percentage D-galactose, Mixed basal diet, Ad libitum feeding Dosing Frequency and Duration Model： Continuous feeding, 3 consecutive weeks Validation： ⁱ²⁵I-albumin vascular permeability (TBIR values in tissues such as the eye and kidney) was significantly increased; collagen solubility in granulation tissue reached 29%-35.8%; plasma galactose increased by 2.5-11.5 times, and testosterone levels decreased; tissue galactitol content was 135 times that of the control group. Precautions： References：Chang K,et,al. Galactose ingestion increases vascular permeability and collagen solubility in normal male rats. J Clin Invest. 1987 Feb;79(2):367-73.

Chemical Properties

Molecular Weight	180.16
Formula	C₆H₁₂O₆
Cas No.	59-23-4
Smiles	[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C=O)O)O)([C@@H](CO)O)O
Relative Density.	1.5 g/cm3

Storage & Solubility Information

Storage

Powder: -20°C for 3 years | In solvent: -80°C for 1 year Shipping with blue ice/Shipping at ambient temperature.

Solubility Information

H2O: 66 mg/mL (366.34 mM), Sonication is recommended.

DMSO: 86.6 mg/mL (480.68 mM), Sonication is recommended.

In Vivo Formulation

10% DMSO+40% PEG300+5% Tween 80+45% Saline: 3.3 mg/mL (18.32 mM), Sonication is recommended.

Please add the solvents sequentially, clarifying the solution as much as possible before adding the next one. Dissolve by heating and/or sonication if necessary. Working solution is recommended to be prepared and used immediately. The formulation provided above is for reference purposes only. In vivo formulations may vary and should be modified based on specific experimental conditions.

Solution Preparation Table

H2O/DMSO

	1mg	5mg	10mg	50mg
1 mM	5.5506 mL	27.7531 mL	55.5062 mL	277.5311 mL
5 mM	1.1101 mL	5.5506 mL	11.1012 mL	55.5062 mL
10 mM	0.5551 mL	2.7753 mL	5.5506 mL	27.7531 mL
20 mM	0.2775 mL	1.3877 mL	2.7753 mL	13.8766 mL
50 mM	0.1110 mL	0.5551 mL	1.1101 mL	5.5506 mL
100 mM	0.0555 mL	0.2775 mL	0.5551 mL	2.7753 mL

Note : The dilution table applies only to solid products. For liquid products, please calculate the stock solution based on the stated concentration and/or density.

Calculator

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In Vivo Formulation Calculator (Clear solution)

Please enter your animal experiment information in the following box and click Calculate to obtain the stock solution preparation method and in vivo formula preparation method:

For example, if the intended dosage is 10 mg/kg for animals weighing 20 g , with a dosing volume of 100 μL per animal, and a total of 10 animals are to be administered, using a formulation of 10% DMSO+ 40% PEG300+ 5% Tween 80+ 45% Saline/PBS/ddH₂O , the resulting working solution concentration would be 2 mg/mL.

Stock Solution Preparation:

Dissolve 2 mg of the compound in 100 μL DMSO to obtain a stock solution at a concentration of 20 mg/mL . If the required concentration exceeds the compound's known solubility, please contact us for technical support before proceeding.

Preparation of the In Vivo Formulation:

1) Add 100 μL of the DMSO stock solution to 400 µL PEG300 and mix thoroughly until the solution becomes clear.

2) Add 50 µL Tween 80 and mix well until fully clarified.

3) Add 450 µL Saline,PBS or ddH₂O and mix thoroughly until a homogeneous solution is obtained.

This example is provided solely to demonstrate the use of the In Vivo Formulation Calculator and does not constitute a recommended formulation for any specific compound. Please select an appropriate dissolution and formulation strategy based on your experimental model and route of administration.

All co-solvents required for this protocol, includingDMSO, PEG300/PEG400, Tween 80, SBE-β-CD, and Corn oil, are available for purchase on the TargetMol website.

Dose Conversion

Keywords

α-D-galactoseEndogenousMetaboliteEndogenous MetaboliteD-GalactoseDGalactoseD Galactosea-D-galactose

Related Tags: D-Galactose chemical structure | D-Galactose in vivo | D-Galactose in vitro | D-Galactose formula | D-Galactose molecular weight